Abstract

There has been a wide development in digital technologies in dentistry. Additive manufacturing (AM) technology has created innovations and in the field of engineering, and biomedical field. In upcoming years, AM has become an essential part of healthcare technology solving complex medical problems. Various materials can be printed from a 3D printer for different applications such as ceramics, polymers, and metals. Commonly used 3D-printed polymers are polylactic acid polyether ether ketone, polyether ketone ketone, poly-glycolic acid, polyurethane, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene, polymethyl methacrylate, polybutylene terephthalate, polycaprolactone, polycarbonates, polyurethanes, etc. The three major applications of 3D bioprinting are regenerative medicine, functional organ replacement, and drug delivery. 3D/4D printing can be integrated with artificial intelligence and machine learning to apply for patient-specific medical technologies. This chapter provides fundamentals of 3D printing adding insight into 4D/5D along with bioprinting processes and its various biomedical applications.