Abstract

This work examines the thermodynamic features related to thermal fluctuations and quasi-normal modes in a modified Schwarzschild black hole, coupled with scalar–tensor–vector gravity. Our investigation indicates that the black hole exhibits stability among temperature variations. We commence our investigation by analyzing how these variations affect the essential thermodynamic parameters, such as entropy, internal energy, Helmholtz free energy, Gibbs free energy, enthalpy, specific heat, and the stability of phase transitions, employing the Hessian matrix for this analysis. Furthermore, we explore the dynamics of null geodesics and ascertain the radius of the photon sphere for the modified Schwarzschild black hole within the context of scalar–tensor–vector gravity. We determine the Lyapunov exponent and angular velocity to improve our comprehension of the black hole's behavior in this altered gravitational structure.