Abstract

This study examines the language vitality of the Subanen communities in Buug, one of the municipalities of the province of Zamboanga Sibugay in the southern Philippines, focusing on their socio-economic profile, language attitudes, and the degree of vitality of the Subanen language. The research employs a descriptive and correlational quantitative design, utilizing surveys and geospatial mapping to assess language use in homes, workplaces, schools, tribal meetings, religious settings, and media. Findings indicate that while the Subanen community maintains a strong positive attitude toward their language, its vitality is weakening, particularly in educational, religious, and professional settings. Intergenerational transmission is also declining, influenced by factors such as increased exposure to dominant languages (Cebuano and Filipino), socio-economic pressures, and limited institutional support. The study further explores the relationship between socio-demographic factors and language vitality, finding significant relationships for age, religion, and lineage, but not for sex, education, income, and geographical location. Additionally, younger generations demonstrated lower proficiency and usage of the Subanen language, raising concerns about its sustainability. The findings highlight the urgent need for revitalization efforts, including integrating Subanen into school curricula, fostering media representation, and promoting community-based language programs.