Abstract

Background: Improving heat transfer in biomedical fluid dynamics is essential for increasing the effectiveness of medical devices, targeted drug delivery systems, and thermal treatment techniques. This research overcomes the drawbacks of traditional nanofluids in complex physiological settings by proposing a new hybrid nanofluid aimed at enhancing thermal efficiency in peristaltic blood flow. The influence of Hall current, magnetic field, and heat source parameters on the peristaltic transport of hybrid nanofluids through a porous medium holds significant importance due to its wide-ranging applications in fluid transport, industrial operations, and biomedical engineering. Objective: The core objective is to examine the heat transfer characteristics of blood considered as a Newtonian fluid infused with a hybrid mixture of Tricalcium Phosphate Ca<inf>3</inf> (P0<inf>4</inf>)<inf>2</inf> and Cerium Oxide CeO<inf>2</inf> nanoparticles, as it moves through a uniform wavy channel influenced by peristaltic motion. Further, this study is also aimed to enhance the understanding of thermal transport in hybrid nanofluids under peristaltic wave motion by incorporating the effects of body forces and thermal radiation. Methodology: The governing equations are formulated based on the fundamental conservation laws of mass, momentum, and energy, and are simplified using the Debye–Hückel linearisation along with the lubrication approximation. To examine the convective heat transfer behaviour of hybrid nanofluids, the Tiwari–Das model is employed. The problem is solved analytically, yielding an exact solution with the aid of MATHEMATICA 14.1. Results: From the results it is perceived that thermal radiation parameter reduces the temperature of nano and hybrid nano fluids. Further, Darcy number significantly enlarges both the size and strength of the trapped bolus. Applications: The mathematical formulation of the problem will help to understand the basic flow structure through peristaltic waves under the contribution of nanoparticles. Further, the combined influence of peristaltic motion and electroosmotic pumping is found to considerably enhance the operational efficiency of smart pumps, with promising implications in nanotechnology and biomedical engineering.