Abstract

Traditional textile crafts face significant challenges in preserving and transferring knowledge due to the aging of expert artisans and declining community engagement. The Phum Riang silk-weaving tradition in Suratthani Province is a critical example of indigenous knowledge systems that require systematic documentation and digital conservation strategies. This research aims to develop a comprehensive ontological framework to support the capture, organization, and preservation of traditional knowledge related to Phum Riang silk production processes, establishing practical methodologies applicable to broader cultural heritage craft digitization and knowledge management systems. The research methodology employs ontology engineering principles, using the Web Ontology Language to create structured knowledge representation systems. Data collection was conducted through ethnographic fieldwork, in-depth interviews with expert craftspeople, and systematic documentation covering production processes, materials, tools, and cultural practices. The developed ontology encompasses five primary knowledge domains: production processes, raw materials, traditional tools, geographical context, and cultural significance. The framework comprises 23 distinct classes organized in hierarchical structures, 15 object properties, and 12 data properties, complemented by business rules ensuring authenticity and quality control mechanisms. This framework has significant implications for cultural heritage digitization, indigenous intellectual property protection, systematic knowledge transfer across generations, cultural authenticity preservation, and traditional craft community economic sustainability.